9th class math book pdf (2025-2026) Latest Edition

The Punjab Government has recently updated the syllabus for 9th class. As part of these changes, the 9th Class Math Book has been revised to match the modern curriculum. The new book includes updated topics, clearer explanations, and more examples to make learning easier for students. It is designed to help you build strong math skills and prepare effectively for exams. You can download the complete PDF of the new 9th Class Math Book here and start studying today.

Download 9th Class Math Book

Download the latest 9th Class Math book for the 2025-26 session. This book follows the updated syllabus and covers essential concepts to help you excel in your studies.

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Changes in the New 9th Class Math Book

The old math textbook had different units, such as Matrices, Complex Numbers, and various theorems related to triangles. However, the new syllabus has been restructured to focus on core mathematical concepts that are more relevant to modern education. New books has less number of units as compared to the older one. The new book is more aligned with the modern day curriculum so that students may have up to date knowledge and problem solving skills.

Cover of the 9th Class Mathematics textbook published by the Punjab Curriculum and Textbook Board, Lahore. The cover features a geometric design with tessellations, a red house, and a student observing angles of elevation and depression. A Punjab textbook board logo and a security sticker are also present.

Here is a comparison:

Math Book Comparison

Old Book (Previous Edition) New Book (2025-26 Edition)
1. Matrices and Determinants1. Real Numbers
2. Real and Complex Numbers2. Logarithms
3. Logarithms3. Sets and Functions
4. Algebraic Expressions and Formulas4. Factorization and Algebraic Manipulation
5. Factorization5. Linear Equations and Inequalities
6. Algebraic Manipulation6. Trigonometry
7. Linear Equations and Inequalities7. Coordinate Geometry
8. Linear Graphs & Their Applications8. Logic
9. Introduction to Coordinate Geometry9. Similar Figures
10. Congruent Triangles10. Graphs of Functions
11. Parallelograms and Triangles11. Loci and Construction
12. Line Bisectors and Angle Bisectors12. Information Handling
13. Sides and Angles of a Triangle13. Probability
14. Ratio and Proportion
15. Pythagoras Theorem
16. Theorems Related to Area
17. Practical Geometry – Triangles

Now, let’s go through each unit in detail.

Unit 1: Real Numbers

Unit 1 of the new 9th Class Math Book is titled “Real Numbers”, and it introduces students to some foundational mathematical concepts. Here’s what students will learn:

A detailed flowchart of unit 2 in 9th class math book showing how real numbers are categorized: it divides into rational numbers—with examples like 0.5 and 0.333…—and irrational numbers—with examples such as π and √2.
  • History of Numbers: An overview of how numbers evolved from ancient civilizations (like the Sumerians, Egyptians, and Romans) to modern systems, including the contribution of Indians and Arabs in developing the number systems we use today.
  • Understanding Real Numbers: Learning about the set of real numbers, which includes rational and irrational numbers, and how they combine to form the real number system.
  • Properties of Real Numbers: Exploring properties like equality, inequality, and arithmetic operations to better understand how real numbers behave.
  • Laws of Indices and Radical Expressions: Applying the laws of indices to simplify radical expressions and work with decimals.
  • Practical Applications: Using real numbers to solve real-world problems, such as banking, temperature changes, and financial transactions.

Unit 2: Logarithms

Unit 2 of the 9th Class Math Book is titled “Logarithms”, and it introduces students to an essential concept in mathematics. Here’s what this unit covers:

  • Students will learn how to express numbers in scientific notation to simplify large or small numbers.
  • They will understand what a logarithm is and how it is used to make complex calculations easier.
  • The unit explains the difference between common logarithms (base 10) and natural logarithms (base e), with examples from real life, such as in science and engineering.
A comparison table of Common Logarithm and Natural Logarithm. The table includes five rows comparing features such as base (10 for common logarithm, e ≈ 2.718 for natural logarithm), notation (log(x) or log₁₀(x) vs. ln(x)), usage (engineering and general calculations vs. higher mathematics and calculus), growth type (powers of 10 vs. exponential growth), and key applications (pH, sound intensity for common logarithms; population growth, finance for natural logarithms).

This unit builds practical math skills by connecting logarithms to real-world applications like solving exponential equations, simplifying calculations, and analyzing data. It’s a fascinating topic that prepares students for advanced problem-solving in math and science.

Unit 3: Sets and Functions

Students of 9th class math will learn following topics in this unit.

  • Understanding Sets:
  • Learn what a set is and why we use them in math.
  • Understand how to list elements in a set and use set notation.
  • Types of Sets:
  • Discover different kinds of sets like finite and infinite sets.
  • Learn about special sets such as the empty set and universal sets.
  • Operations on Sets:
  • Learn how to perform operations like union (combining sets), intersection (finding common elements), and difference (finding elements not in another set).
  • Understand the idea of complements and how they relate to the universal set.
  • Introduction to Functions:
  • Find out what a function is and why it’s important.
  • Learn how functions map elements from one set to another.
  • Parts of a Function:
  • Understand the domain (all possible inputs) and range (all possible outputs) of a function.
  • Learn how to use examples to see how one element from the domain pairs with one element in the range.
  • Representing Functions:
  • Practice representing functions with graphs and tables.
  • See how changes in the function affect its graph.
Infographic diagram titled "Unit 3: Sets and Functions." The image shows a horizontal block layout where a central title in a light green ellipse branches into two main sections. The left branch, labeled "Sets" in a wheat-colored box, splits into two sub-blocks: one explains that a set is a collection of distinct objects with an example notation { a, b, c }, and the other describes set operations—union (A ∪ B) combining elements, intersection (A ∩ B) showing common elements, and difference (A – B) indicating elements in one set not found in another. The right branch, also in a wheat-colored box and labeled "Functions," divides into two sub-blocks: one defines a function as a mapping from a domain (all possible inputs) to a unique output in the range (all outputs), and the other lists common representations of functions such as graphs, tables, and arrow diagrams.

Why These Topics Matter

This unit builds a strong foundation in mathematical thinking. Sets help you organize information, and functions show clear relationships between numbers or objects. Both are essential tools for solving real-world problems and preparing you for more advanced math topics.

Unit 4: Factorization and Algebraic Manipulation

Welcome to Unit 4 – Factorization and Algebraic Manipulation – one of the most important and interesting chapters of your mathematics journey! In this unit, you’re going to learn some powerful tools that will help you solve tough algebra problems easily. Let’s see what exciting topics are waiting for you:

✅ Common Factors

You’ll start by learning how to take out common factors from algebraic expressions. It’s like finding what’s common in all the terms and pulling it out to make the expression simpler. For example, from 2x−6, you can take out 2, and write it as 2(x−3). Cool, right?

✅ Factoring Trinomials

Next, you’ll deal with trinomials — expressions with three terms like x² + 5x + 6.. You’ll learn how to break them down into two smaller brackets, just like solving a puzzle! This will make solving quadratic equations much easier.

✅ Quadratic and Cubic Expressions

Now it’s time to level up! You’ll practice factorizing quadratic expressions (with power 2) and even cubic ones (with power 3). Don’t worry — once you understand the rules, it becomes really fun.

✅ HCF and LCM of Algebraic Expressions

You know about HCF and LCM in numbers, right? But did you know you can find them in algebra too? You’ll learn simple ways to find the Highest Common Factor and Least Common Multiple of algebraic terms.

✅ Square Roots of Algebraic Expressions

Taking square roots isn’t just for numbers — you can do it with algebraic expressions too! This part will help you break down expressions and find their square roots easily.

✅ Real-Life Applications
Finally, you’ll see how all these skills are super useful in solving real-world problems. From solving tricky math problems to understanding advanced math in future classes — this unit builds your base strong.

So get ready, stay curious, and enjoy this chapter because mastering factorization will make algebra much easier for you in the future!

Unit 5: Linear Equations and Inequalities

Students will learn how to solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable. This concept is essential for solving real-world mathematical problems.

Unit 6: Trigonometry

Trigonometry deals with the relationships between angles and sides of triangles. This unit introduces trigonometric ratios such as sine, cosine, and tangent, along with their applications.

Unit 7: Coordinate Geometry

Coordinate geometry involves the use of the Cartesian plane to study geometric shapes. Students will learn how to find the distance between points, midpoints, and the area of geometric figures.

Unit 8: Logic

Logic is the study of reasoning. This unit covers statements, truth tables, and logical connectives to help students develop critical thinking skills.

Unit 9: Similar Figures

This unit focuses on figures that have the same shape but different sizes. Students will learn the properties of similar figures and their applications in geometry.

Unit 10: Graphs of Functions

Graphs provide a visual representation of mathematical functions. This unit teaches students how to plot and interpret graphs to analyze mathematical relationships.

Unit 11: Loci and Construction

A locus is a set of points that satisfy a given condition. Students will learn how to construct loci and use them in problem-solving.

Unit 12: Information Handling

This unit focuses on data collection, organization, and interpretation. Students will learn how to present data using tables, graphs, and different statistical measures.

Unit 13: Probability

Probability deals with the study of chance. Students will learn about probability concepts, sample spaces, and how to calculate the likelihood of different events.

Conclusion

The new 9th class math book (2025-26) is designed to provide students with a strong mathematical foundation. It covers essential topics like real numbers, logarithms, trigonometry, and probability while replacing older topics like matrices and determinants.

By mastering these concepts, students will develop the problem-solving skills needed for higher studies and real-world applications. You can also visit the official Punjab Textbook Board website here to explore more textbooks.

If you’re looking for the 10th class math book, you can find it here and continue building your math skills.

Download the book now and start your journey toward mathematical excellence!

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